Mr Bipin Vasudevan is a cardamom farmer in Vadanmedu, Idukki, Kerala, and has been farming cardamom for 20 to 25 years. Cardamom is graded by size, with A the largest, and the crop from this part of India is graded A.
Cardamom has a wonderful aroma and is used in all kinds of dishes, desserts and drinks. It is a delicate plant that needs shade from the summer sun, so plantations are usually found in forest areas at higher altitude, under large trees. The branches are cut back in winter and the rainy season to give the plants more light. It is also a water loving crop, so most farms have borewells and small dams, and when the rains are good the yield is good too.
From Planting to Harvest
A single cardamom stem grows into 30 to 40 stems within 24 months, and each plant gives about 1 to 2kg of cardamom. An acre (0.4 hectares) holds about 450 plants, and a farmer gets about 500 to 1,000kg a year. Cardamom is picked every 45 days. The first harvest is usually in mid-July, and the best crop comes from the second and third harvests from mid-September.
The cardamom is grown with minimal intervention, and treatments used on the plants are plant derived rather than synthetic. About 40 farmers live and work at Brook Haven at any one time, usually husband and wife teams, and more casual workers join for the harvest season from mid-July to February or March. Around 80% of the harvesters are women, and harvesting cardamom is close, careful work.